{"product_id":"k-c-tanganyika-police-cap-badge-by-dowler","title":"K\/C Tanganyika Police cap badge by DOWLER.","description":"\u003cp\u003eK\/C Tanganyika Police white metal cap badge by DOWLER BIRMINGHAM in great condition.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBritain created the Tanganyika Police in 1919, almost as soon as it took over former German East Africa, and it grew from a small colonial constabulary into a much larger force with a security role by the late 1940s.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBackground. Britain administered Tanganyika from 1916 until 1961, first under military occupation, then from 20 July 1922 as a League of Nations mandate, and from 1946 as a United Nations trust territory.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003eBefore that, there was no professional police force; the German administration had instead used local leaders called akidas to help European officials with day-to-day law enforcement and tax collection\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1919: founding. One of Britain’s first acts in running the territory was the Police and Prisons Proclamation. The new civilian police was kept separate from the military, a change from the German period, when a joint military and police force had operated. Interestingly, the Swahili word askari, now used for police, comes from this earlier period as a German loanword for soldier.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHow it was organised. The force was hierarchical: African constables made up most of it, recruits trained elsewhere in the empire (especially India) filled middle ranks, and white officers held the leadership. Police stations followed the main roads and railways, and European officers were posted to the more important stations, with patrols in areas of isolated settler farms. Rural areas were largely left to the Native Authorities, African administrators under indirect rule who handled policing and tax collection.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1920s and 1930s. Commissioner P.F. Browne oversaw the first decade, 1919 to 1928. Police and prisons were split into separate departments because growing European settlement created demand for more police. In 1936 the Colonial Police Service was formed to standardise forces across the empire along British lines.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSecond World War. On the eve of war, volunteers were enrolled as special constables to help in case of attack and to arrest enemy subjects across the territory, and the force added 100 regular constables and 100 reserve officers. A police reserve was created in 1939, and the Governor set up a secret Security and Intelligence Bureau, operating under cover of the Criminal Investigation Department and headed by the Commissioner of Police.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1945 to 1952. After the war the British strengthened police, intelligence and security forces, partly over fears of communist infiltration, with a 1949 review and recommendations for more officers on the beat, better training and an improved CID. In the capital, tighter supervision of a fast-growing African urban population made already poor police and public relations worse.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Gradia Militaria","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54040044503368,"sku":"10157","price":50.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0924\/1103\/5976\/files\/IMG-2401.heic?v=1789136655","url":"https:\/\/www.gradiamilitaria.com\/products\/k-c-tanganyika-police-cap-badge-by-dowler","provider":"Gradia Militaria","version":"1.0","type":"link"}